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  • Two and a half-year-old Shuma Bibi sits with her aunt in a make shift refugee camp after they fled their village of Laliyal which was on the International Border between Pakistan and India. Indian and Pakistani troops continue to exchange heavy mortar, artillery and machine-gun fire along the line that divides Kashmir between them and have a million troops amassed along the border.
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  • 2927309: JODPHUR, INDIA, FEB. 10, 2004: Indian Border Security Force constables perform their morning duties at a training center in Jodphur, India February 10,2004.  The constables train camels who are able to survive the harsh conditions in the desert region of Rajasthan and along the border with Pakistan. India and Pakistan have fought three wars that date back to the partition of the British Indian Empire  in 1947 but are now warming up to eachother and will have peace talks this month. (Ami Vitale/Getty Images)
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  • 2927309: JODPHUR, INDIA, FEB. 10, 2004: Indian Border Security Force constables perform their morning duties at a training center in Jodphur, India February 10,2004.  The constables train camels who are able to survive the harsh conditions in the desert region of Rajasthan and along the border with Pakistan. India and Pakistan have fought three wars that date back to the partition of the British Indian Empire  in 1947 but are now warming up to eachother and will have peace talks this month. (Ami Vitale)
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  • Kashmiri youth scream "We want freedom" during a protest in the streets of Srinagar on September 24. Few people braved anti-poll violence in Kashmir's main city to vote in a state election after an early morning gun battle between Indian Border Security Forces and suspected Muslim militants.
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  • Villagers near the Pooch district in Jammu  go on with their daily activities after 10 armed militants who infiltrated from Pakistan were killed along the Line of Control between Pakistan and India Friday, November 2, 2001. The militants were allegedly crossing the border to fight for the jihad in Kashmir. (Getty Images/Ami Vitale)
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  • An Indian soldier waits after a rocket and grenades were launched at armed militants who infiltrated the Poonch district of Jammu and were hiding in a villagers house along the Line of Control between Pakistan and India Friday, November 2, 2001. The militants were allegedly crossing the border to fight for the jihad in Kashmir. (Getty Images/Ami Vitale)
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  • Indian Border Security Force soldiers conduct a cordon and search operation where they entered homes and searched the area for militants in a suburban area of Srinigar, the summer capital of Indian held Kashmir  February 15.  India and Pakistan have already fought three wars over Kashmir and were on the brink again as they amassed near a million troops along the Line of Control.
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  • LEH, KASHMIR, INDIA, MAY 8, 2004: A Ladakhi child who is studying to become a monk plays outside Thiksey Monastaryon the eve of the last round of elections in the mountainous region of Leh, Ladakh in the Indian held state of Jammu and Kashmir, May 8, 2004.   (Ami Vitale/Getty Images)
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  • BADGAM, KASHMIR,INDIA, MARCH 10, 2004:Villagers mourn the death of five people who were killed along with  48 who were injured, when a grenade exploded in the hands of a man who was seeking to extort money from a family in Badgam district of Kashmir, March 10, 2004.   Locals said the man was a former militant who was extorting money from villagers and thousands came out to mourn the deaths. Tens of thousands of people have died in Kashmir since the eruption of anti-Indian revolt in the region in 1989. Separatists put the toll at between 80,000 and 100,000.
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  • SRINAGAR, KASHMIR,INDIA, MARCH 20, 2004:Bilkees Manzoor, an eighteen-year-old girl whose father was taken away by Indian security forces in January 2002 and never returned, argues with Jammu and Kashmir police to allow them to march to the United Nations compound in the name of the the Association of Parents of Disappeared Persons (APDP)  in Srinagar, the summer capital of Indian held Jammu and Kashmir state in India, March 20, 2004. At least a dozen people were wounded when police used batons to disperse hundreds of protestors. APDP says more than six thousand people have gone missing since the bloody revolt erupted in Kashmir.
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  • BADGAM, INDIA, MARCH 10, 2004:A Kashmiri woman comforts her relative as they mourn the death of five people who were killed along with  48 who were injured, when a grenade exploded in the hands of a man who was seeking to extort money from a family in Badgam district of Kashmir, March 10, 2004.   Locals said the man was a former militant who was extorting money from villagers and thousands came out to mourn the deaths. Tens of thousands of people have died in Kashmir since the eruption of anti-Indian revolt in the region in 1989. Separatists put the toll at between 80,000 and 100,000.
    ami108.jpg
  • SRINAGAR, INDIA, MARCH 10, 2004:Children cry as Indian army bring back the bodies of  five people who were killed when a grenade exploded in the hands of a man who was seeking to extort money from a family in Budgam district of Kashmir, March 10, 2004.   Locals said the man was a former militant who was extorting money from villagers and thousands came out to mourn the deaths. Tens of thousands of people have died in Kashmir since the eruption of anti-Indian revolt in the region in 1989. Separatists put the toll at between 80,000 and 100,000.
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  • SRINAGAR, INDIA, MARCH 2, 2004:A Kashmiri Shiite Muslim holds his blood stained hands to his chest after flagellating himself in a procession in Srinagar, India March 2, 2004. Shiite Muslims all over the world  are mourning the slaying of Imam Hussain, grandson of the Prophet Mohammed who was killed by his political rivals along with 72 companions some 1300 years ago in Iran during the first month of the Islamic calender, called Muharram.
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  • Kashmiri's walk in the famous Moghul gardens in Srinagar, the summer capital of the Indian held state of Jammu and Kashmir. Despite the heightening tensions and increasing threat of a full fledged war along the border between Pakistan and India, people here try to enjoy the moment and beauty of this valley located at the base of the Himalayas. (Ami Vitale
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  • Ethnic Albanian refugees from Kosovo wait to receive food at a camp set up by French and English military from NATO near Skopje, Macedonia Wednesday, April 7, 1999. The camp has helped to alleviate the crisis at the border camp in Blace where hundreds of people died.  (Photo by Ami Vitale)
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  • ZHARE DASHT,AFGHANISTAN - SEPT. 4:  Afghan Kuchi nomad children that were living in a camp for displaced people around Spin Boldak, near the border of Pakistan and southern Afghanistan, are relocated to the encamptment of Zhare Dasht by the UNHCR September 4, 2002.  As an estimated 1.6 million Afghan refugees return to Afghanistan,  ethnic Pashtuns from northern Afghanistan are seeking safety in   camps in the south. Numbering up to 120,000,  Pashtuns and Kuchis are fleeing the Tajik- and Uzbek-dominated cities of the north out of fear and prefer to live in the dismal camps like Zhare Dasht which is set in the middle of a desert surrounded by mines about 30 kilometers west of Kandahar. (Photo by Ami Vitale/Getty Images)
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  • Indian Border Security Force Officers patrol the picturesque Dal Lake in the summer capital of  Srinagar in the Indian held state of Kashmir, February 19, 2002.  Once a tourist hotspot, the only  visitors to this magnificent landscape these days are Indian soldiers. (Ami Vitale)
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  • Indian Border Security Force Officers patrol the picturesque Dal Lake in the summer capital of  Srinagar in the Indian held state of Kashmir, February 19, 2002.  Once a tourist hotspot, the only  visitors to this magnificent landscape these days are Indian soldiers. (Ami Vitale)
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  • Indian Border Security Force Officers patrol the picturesque Dal Lake in the summer capital of  Srinagar in the Indian held state of Kashmir, February 19, 2002.  Once a tourist hotspot, the only  visitors to this magnificent landscape these days are Indian soldiers. (Ami Vitale)
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  • Displaced Indians who fled their village near the border  region of Pallanwala in June 1999 live in a camp near Akhnur, India. (Photo by Ami Vitale/Getty Images)
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  • Displaced Indians who fled their village near the border  region of Pallanwala in June 1999 live in a camp near Akhnur, India. (Photo by Ami Vitale/Getty Images)
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  • A Senegalese army tank drives through the border of Guinea Bissau  and Senegal  in the Casamance region of West Africa. Rebels in Senegal's southern Casamance [Cassamance] province have been waging a bloody independence campaign against the central government in Dakar since 1982. The Movement of Democratic Forces in the Casamance (MFDC) has long used Senegal's southern neighbor Guinea-Bissau as a launching pad for attacks inside Cassamance. Guinea-Bissau's former president, Joao Bernardo Viera, was accused of supplying the rebels with weapons until he was overthrown in a coup in May 1999.    (Photo by Ami Vitale)
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  • A Senegalese army tank drives through the border of Guinea Bissau  and Senegal  in the Casamance region of West Africa. Rebels in Senegal's southern Casamance [Cassamance] province have been waging a bloody independence campaign against the central government in Dakar since 1982. The Movement of Democratic Forces in the Casamance (MFDC) has long used Senegal's southern neighbor Guinea-Bissau as a launching pad for attacks inside Cassamance. Guinea-Bissau's former president, Joao Bernardo Viera, was accused of supplying the rebels with weapons until he was overthrown in a coup in May 1999.    (Photo by Ami Vitale)
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  • Africans scramble to get on the few trucks that are allowed through the border of Guinea Bissau and Senegal. Rebels in Senegal's southern Casamance [Cassamance] province have been waging a bloody independence campaign against the central government in Dakar since 1982. The Movement of Democratic Forces in the Casamance (MFDC) has long used Senegal's southern neighbor Guinea-Bissau as a launching pad for attacks inside Cassamance. Guinea-Bissau's former president, Joao Bernardo Viera, was accused of supplying the rebels with weapons until he was overthrown in a coup in May 1999.    (Photo by Ami Vitale)
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  • Villagers of Zigberi get water from the only pump well that offers clean water for miles in a remote part of Burkina Faso in the desert region near the Malian border March 28, 2007.  Water is  precious commodity here and most families end up drinking dirty water rather than walk the miles it takes to get to the well. Ami Vitale
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  • Villagers of Zigberi get water from the only pump well that offers clean water for miles in a remote part of Burkina Faso in the desert region near the Malian border March 28, 2007.  Water is  precious commodity here and most families end up drinking dirty water rather than walk the miles it takes to get to the well. Ami Vitale
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  • Villagers of Zigberi get water from the only pump well that offers clean water for miles in a remote part of Burkina Faso in the desert region near the Malian border March 28, 2007.  Water is  precious commodity here and most families end up drinking dirty water rather than walk the miles it takes to get to the well. Ami Vitale
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  • Children carry water for their teacher, Ouedraoga Madi in Zigberi, in a remote part of Burkina Faso in the desert region near the Malian border March 24, 2007. The village had no school and after years of waiting the parents decided to build their own school, desperate to get an education for their children.  Female education in Burkina Faso and West Africa is particularly difficult given the demands placed on the women and girls in society to do all of the household work like pounding the millet, preparing food, getting wood and water which is sparce and often kilometers away.  Ami Vitale
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  • ZHARE DASHT,AFGHANISTAN - SEPT. 4: A Pashtun Afghan who was living in a camp for displaced people around Spin Boldak, near the border of Pakistan and southern Afghanistan, covers his face from dust in the new camp where he has been relocated called Zhare Dasht September 4, 2002.  As an estimated 1.6 million Afghan refugees return to Afghanistan,  ethnic Pashtuns from northern Afghanistan are seeking safety in   camps in the south. Numbering up to 120,000,  Pashtuns are fleeing the Tajik- and Uzbek-dominated cities of the north out of fear and prefer to live in the dismal camps like Zhare Dasht which is set in the middle of a desert surrounded by mines about 30 kilometers west of Kandahar. (Photo by Ami Vitale/Getty Images)
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  • ZHARE DASHT,AFGHANISTAN - SEPT. 4: A Pashtun Afghan who was living in a camp for displaced people around Spin Boldak, near the border of Pakistan and southern Afghanistan, is relocated to the encamptment of Zhare Dasht by the UNHCR September 4, 2002.  As an estimated 1.6 million Afghan refugees return to Afghanistan,  ethnic Pashtuns from northern Afghanistan are seeking safety in   camps in the south. Numbering up to 120,000,  Pashtuns are fleeing the Tajik- and Uzbek-dominated cities of the north out of fear and prefer to live in the dismal camps like Zhare Dasht which is set in the middle of a desert surrounded by mines about 30 kilometers west of Kandahar. (Photo by Ami Vitale/Getty Images)
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  • SPIN BOLDAK,AFGHANISTAN - SEPT. 4: An Afghan child from the Kuchi nomadic tribe laughs despite the horrible living conditions in an encamptment near Spin Boldak, the border town between Pakistan and southern Afghanistan September 4, 2002.  The UNHCR is trying to relocate tens of thousands of internally displaced people at the same time as an estimated 1.6 million Afghan refugees return to Afghanistan. Ethnic Pashtuns and Kuchi nomads from northern Afghanistan are seeking safety in camps in the south. Numbering up to 120,000,  theys are fleeing the Tajik- and Uzbek-dominated cities of the north out of fear and prefer to live in the dismal camps like Zhare Dasht which is set in the middle of a desert surrounded by mines about 30 kilometers west of Kandahar. (Photo by Ami Vitale/Getty Images)
    kan107.jpg
  • ZHARE DASHT,AFGHANISTAN - SEPT. 4: A Pashtun Afghan baby who was living in a camp for displaced people around Spin Boldak, near the border of Pakistan and southern Afghanistan, sits in an empty tent after her family was relocated to Zhare Dasht by the UNHCR September 4, 2002.  As an estimated 1.6 million Afghan refugees return to Afghanistan,  ethnic Pashtuns from northern Afghanistan are seeking safety in   camps in the south. Numbering up to 120,000,  Pashtuns are fleeing the Tajik- and Uzbek-dominated cities of the north out of fear and prefer to live in the dismal camps like Zhare Dasht which is set in the middle of a desert surrounded by mines about 30 kilometers west of Kandahar. (Photo by Ami Vitale/Getty Images)
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  • ZHARE DASHT,AFGHANISTAN - SEPT. 4:  Afghans that were living in a camp for displaced people around Spin Boldak, near the border of Pakistan and southern Afghanistan, are relocated to the encamptment of Zhare Dasht by the UNHCR September 4, 2002.  As an estimated 1.6 million Afghan refugees return to Afghanistan,  ethnic Pashtuns from northern Afghanistan are seeking safety in   camps in the south. Numbering up to 120,000,  Pashtuns and Kuchis are fleeing the Tajik- and Uzbek-dominated cities of the north out of fear and prefer to live in the dismal camps like Zhare Dasht which is set in the middle of a desert surrounded by mines about 30 kilometers west of Kandahar. (Photo by Ami Vitale/Getty Images)
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  • ZHARE DASHT,AFGHANISTAN - SEPT. 3: Afghans, mainly Pashtuns and Kuchi nomads who were living in camps around Spin Boldak, near the border of Pakistan and southern Afghanistan, are relocated to the desolate, dusty encamptment of Zhare Dasht by the UNHCR September 3, 2002.  As an estimated 1.6 million Afghan refugees return to Afghanistan,  ethnic Pashtuns from northern Afghanistan are seeking safety in refugee camps in the south. Numbering up to 120,000,  Pashtuns are fleeing the Tajik- and Uzbek-dominated cities of the north out of fear and prefer to live in the dismal camps like Zhare Dasht which is set in the middle of a desert about 30 kilometers west of Kandahar. (Photo by Ami Vitale/Getty Images)
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  • ZHARE DASHT,AFGHANISTAN - SEPT. 3: An Afghan child who was living in a camp around Spin Boldak, near the border of Pakistan and southern Afghanistan, looks out of her new home after she was relocated to the desolate, dusty encamptment of Zhare Dasht by the UNHCR September 3, 2002.  As an estimated 1.6 million Afghan refugees return to Afghanistan,  ethnic Pashtuns from northern Afghanistan are seeking safety in refugee camps in the south. Numbering up to 120,000,  Pashtuns are fleeing the Tajik- and Uzbek-dominated cities of the north out of fear and prefer to live in the dismal camps like Zhare Dasht which is set in the middle of a desert about 30 kilometers west of Kandahar. (Photo by Ami Vitale/Getty Images)
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  • ZHARE DASHT,AFGHANISTAN - SEPT. 3: Afghans, mainly Pashtuns and Kuchi nomads who were living in camps around Spin Boldak, near the border of Pakistan and southern Afghanistan, are relocated to the desolate, dusty encamptment of Zhare Dasht by the UNHCR September 3, 2002.  As an estimated 1.6 million Afghan refugees return to Afghanistan,  ethnic Pashtuns from northern Afghanistan are seeking safety in refugee camps in the south. Numbering up to 120,000,  Pashtuns are fleeing the Tajik- and Uzbek-dominated cities of the north out of fear and prefer to live in the dismal camps like Zhare Dasht which is set in the middle of a desert about 30 kilometers west of Kandahar. (Photo by Ami Vitale/Getty Images)
    kan105.jpg
  • ZHARE DASHT,AFGHANISTAN - SEPT. 3: Afghans, mainly Pashtuns and Kuchi nomads who were living in camps around Spin Boldak, near the border of Pakistan and southern Afghanistan, are relocated to the desolate, dusty encamptment of Zhare Dasht by the UNHCR September 3, 2002.  As an estimated 1.6 million Afghan refugees return to Afghanistan,  ethnic Pashtuns from northern Afghanistan are seeking safety in refugee camps in the south. Numbering up to 120,000,  they are fleeing the Tajik- and Uzbek-dominated cities of the north out of fear and prefer to live in the dismal camps like Zhare Dasht which is set in the middle of a desert about 30 kilometers west of Kandahar. (Photo by Ami Vitale/Getty Images)
    kan103.jpg
  • ZHARE DASHT,AFGHANISTAN - SEPT. 3: An Afghan Kuchi nomad girl who was living in camps around Spin Boldak, near the border of Pakistan and southern Afghanistan, relaxes after a grueling day of being relocated to the desolate, dusty encamptment of Zhare Dasht by the UNHCR September 3, 2002.  As an estimated 1.6 million Afghan refugees return to Afghanistan,  ethnic Pashtuns and Kuchi Nomads from northern Afghanistan are seeking safety in refugee camps in the south. Numbering up to 120,000,  they are fleeing the Tajik- and Uzbek-dominated cities of the north out of fear and prefer to live in a dismal camp  like Zhare Dasht which is set in the middle of a desert about 30 kilometers west of Kandahar. (Photo by Ami Vitale/Getty Images)
    kan102.jpg
  • ZHARE DASHT,AFGHANISTAN - SEPT. 3: Afghans, mainly Pashtuns and Kuchi nomads who were living in camps around Spin Boldak, near the border of Pakistan and southern Afghanistan, are relocated to the desolate, dusty encamptment of Zhare Dasht by the UNHCR September 3, 2002.  As an estimated 1.6 million Afghan refugees return to Afghanistan,  ethnic Pashtuns from northern Afghanistan are seeking safety in refugee camps in the south. Numbering up to 120,000,  Pashtuns are fleeing the Tajik- and Uzbek-dominated cities of the north out of fear and prefer to live in the dismal camps like Zhare Dasht which is set in the middle of a desert about 30 kilometers west of Kandahar. (Photo by Ami Vitale/Getty Images)
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  • GERIHUN, SIERRA LEONE - JULY 18:Liberian refugees walk through their plastic tents  at the Gerihun camp near Bo, Sierra Leone July 18,2002. Sierra Leone is infamous for some of the decade's worst war crimes and the irony is that as Sierra Leonians are finally able to return home, their neighbors across the border are suffering from their own tragic decade old conflict and flooding into the camps which once housed the internally displaced Sierra Leonians. Liberia's rebels have waged an insurgency for three years, but have stepped up attacks recently against President Charles Taylor's government. Taylor, a former warlord who won presidential elections in 1997, says he is being targeted by some of his rivals from the 1989-96 civil war.  The heavy toll on civilians in the fighting poses a threat to the stability of other countries in the region, particularly Sierra Leone. There are about 50,000 refugees in Sierra Leone now according to the World Food Program and 100,000 internally displaced people within Liberia now. Sierra Leone, which has the U.N's largest peacekeeping mission with 17,3000 troops, is recovering from a ruthless 10-year-old war and held presidential elections in May. (photo by Ami Vitale/Getty Images)
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  • Villagers of Zigberi get water from the only pump well that offers clean water for miles in a remote part of Burkina Faso in the desert region near the Malian border March 28, 2007.  Water is  precious commodity here and most families end up drinking dirty water rather than walk the miles it takes to get to the well. Ami Vitale
    _DSC2003.jpg
  • Villagers of Zigberi get water from the only pump well that offers clean water for miles in a remote part of Burkina Faso in the desert region near the Malian border March 28, 2007.  Water is  precious commodity here and most families end up drinking dirty water rather than walk the miles it takes to get to the well. Ami Vitale
    _DSC1900.jpg
  • Villagers of Zigberi get water from the only pump well that offers clean water for miles in a remote part of Burkina Faso in the desert region near the Malian border March 28, 2007.  Water is  precious commodity here and most families end up drinking dirty water rather than walk the miles it takes to get to the well. Ami Vitale
    _DSC1899.jpg
  • Villagers of Zigberi get water from the only pump well that offers clean water for miles in a remote part of Burkina Faso in the desert region near the Malian border March 28, 2007.  Water is  precious commodity here and most families end up drinking dirty water rather than walk the miles it takes to get to the well. Ami Vitale
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  • A displaced Indian girl who fled her village near the border  region of Pallanwala in June 1999 washes clothes in a camp near Akhnur, India.  (Photo by Ami Vitale/Getty Images)
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  • TZIPOREN, ISRAEL, MARCH 2:An Israeli soldier gestures to journalists next to the border with Lebanon near Tziporen army base in north Israel, Sunday, March 2, 2003 as Hezbollah Shiite militants watch from the other side of the fence.  .
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  • SRINAGAR, KASHMIR - SEPT. 24: Border Security Force troopers run for cover as they flush out two Muslim militants holed up inside a residential house in Srinagar, the summer capital of Jammu and Kashmir state, on September 24. Few people braved anti-poll violence in Kashmir's main city to vote in a state election after the early morning gun battle.
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  • Indian Border Security Force Officers patrol the picturesque Dal Lake in the summer capital of  Srinagar in the Indian held state of Kashmir, February 19, 2002.  Once a tourist hotspot, the only  visitors to this magnificent landscape these days are Indian soldiers. (Ami Vitale)
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  • Displaced Indians who fled their village near the border  region of Pallanwala in June 1999 live in a camp near Akhnur, India. (Photo by Ami Vitale/Getty Images)
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  • Displaced Indians who fled their village near the border  region of Pallanwala in June 1999 live in a camp near Akhnur, India. (Photo by Ami Vitale/Getty Images)
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  • Villagers of Zigberi get water from the only pump well that offers clean water for miles in a remote part of Burkina Faso in the desert region near the Malian border March 28, 2007.  Water is  precious commodity here and most families end up drinking dirty water rather than walk the miles it takes to get to the well. Ami Vitale
    _DSC2006.jpg
  • ZHARE DASHT,AFGHANISTAN - SEPT. 4:  Afghans that were living in a camp for displaced people around Spin Boldak, near the border of Pakistan and southern Afghanistan, are relocated to the encamptment of Zhare Dasht by the UNHCR September 4, 2002.  As an estimated 1.6 million Afghan refugees return to Afghanistan,  ethnic Pashtuns from northern Afghanistan are seeking safety in   camps in the south. Numbering up to 120,000,  Pashtuns and Kuchis are fleeing the Tajik- and Uzbek-dominated cities of the north out of fear and prefer to live in the dismal camps like Zhare Dasht which is set in the middle of a desert surrounded by mines about 30 kilometers west of Kandahar. (Photo by Ami Vitale/Getty Images)
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  • ZHARE DASHT,AFGHANISTAN - SEPT. 3:  Pashtun Afghans who were living in camps around Spin Boldak, near the border of Pakistan and southern Afghanistan, are relocated to the desolate, dusty encamptment of Zhare Dasht by the UNHCR September 3, 2002 and wait for food rations to be handed out.  As an estimated 1.6 million Afghan refugees return to Afghanistan,  ethnic Pashtuns from northern Afghanistan are seeking safety in refugee camps in the south. Numbering up to 120,000, they are fleeing the Tajik- and Uzbek-dominated cities of the north out of fear and prefer to live in the dismal camps like Zhare Dasht which is set in the middle of a desert about 30 kilometers west of Kandahar. (Photo by Ami Vitale/Getty Images)
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  • A family member mourns the loss of her brother, who was gunned downed the day before in a cafe in Pec, Kosovo,  Wednesday, December 16, 1998. Six teenage Serbians were killed in the cafe allegedly by the Kosovo Liberation Army who were retaliating against the 31 Albanians killed on the border earlier   on Tuesday.  (Photo by Ami Vitale)
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  • CYENBOGO II, RWANDA, OCTOBER 11,2003: Village of Cyenbogo II, Rwanda near the town of Kagatumba that borders Uganda October 11, 2003. (Photo by Ami Vitale)
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  • CYENBOGO II, RWANDA, OCTOBER 11,2003: Village of Cyenbogo II, Rwanda near the town of Kagatumba that borders Uganda October 11, 2003. (Photo by Ami Vitale)
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  • CYENBOGO II, RWANDA, OCTOBER 11,2003: Village of Cyenbogo II, Rwanda near the town of Kagatumba that borders Uganda October 11, 2003. (Photo by Ami Vitale)
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  • CYENBOGO II, RWANDA, OCTOBER 11,2003: Village of Cyenbogo II, Rwanda near the town of Kagatumba that borders Uganda October 11, 2003. (Photo by Ami Vitale)
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  • CYENBOGO II, RWANDA, OCTOBER 11,2003: Village of Cyenbogo II, Rwanda near the town of Kagatumba that borders Uganda October 11, 2003. (Photo by Ami Vitale)
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  • CYENBOGO II, RWANDA, OCTOBER 11,2003: Village of Cyenbogo II, Rwanda near the town of Kagatumba that borders Uganda October 11, 2003. (Photo by Ami Vitale)
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  • CYENBOGO II, RWANDA, OCTOBER 11,2003: Village of Cyenbogo II, Rwanda near the town of Kagatumba that borders Uganda October 11, 2003. (Photo by Ami Vitale)
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  • The signs of changing times are evident as Maasai children relax with a game of football as their elders walk by cloaked in traditional clothing during lunch break at the Endulen Primary school in Ngornogoro District in Tanzania September 29, 2003.  Most Maasai now see the value of sending their children to school so they can have a voice in the government to protect themselves with increasing land loss. The Maasai were thrown out of the Crater in 1972 in the name of conservation and are being threatened again  under a torrent of new legislation. Like other indigenous people the world over, they continue to be evicted from their land in the name of tourism and conservation. They have lived on these lands for centuries but now struggle to survive on their borders, especially in the difficult drought years. Though they were able to live in harmony with the wildlife for centuries, the places with rich water sources are now preserved for tourists.  Eco-tourism, the government solution to chronic poverty, brings in vast revenues but sadly, the dispossessed Maasai are not allowed to benefit. Only a handful, mostly foreign owned tourist operators profit and only a tiny portion of the money actually filters through to the local economy.
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  • Maasai pastoralists collect water at one of the few sources in Endulen, outside of the pristine Ngornogoro Crater in Tanzania, October 4, 2003.  The Maasai were thrown out of the Crater in 1972 in the name of conservation and are being threatened again with further land loss under a torrent of new legislation. Like other indigenous people the world over, they continue to be evicted from their land in the name of tourism and conservation. They have lived on these lands for centuries but now struggle to survive on their borders, especially in the difficult drought years. Though they were able to live in harmony with the wildlife for centuries, the places with rich water sources are now preserved for tourists.  Eco-tourism, the government solution to chronic poverty, brings in vast revenues but sadly, the dispossessed Maasai are not allowed to benefit. Only a handful, mostly foreign owned tourist operators profit and only a tiny portion of the money actually filters through to the local economy.
    ami104.jpg